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Wildlife Conservation
We
still share our country
with a wonderful array of other species, so still have a chance to 'do
it right' and continue to enjoy this diversity well into the future.
Many
species however are far less common
than they once were, and some are declining alarmingly and may soon
disappear forever (as some have done already). A number of conservation
groups locally and throughout Australia are attempting to tackle
some
of
the many issues
Conservation problems
facing Australian wildlife include:
- habitat
loss - habitat eliminated or almost so, causing loss of species unable
to live in any other kind of habitat (the single
biggest threat to
wildlife both locally and globally)
- habitat
fragmentation - a fair bit of habitat remaining, but fragmented, making
it difficult for animals to move
from one patch to another,
and
creating
edge problems (e.g. some forest edges are occupied by
aggressive species such as noisy miners, making it difficult for some
of the true forest species)
- habitat
alteration - loss of understorey shrubs, logs, food plants, old trees
with
hollows etc.
- feral
animals - competitors, predators and - in the case of the cane toad -
poisoners
- barriers
to movement - see 'Animals
Have
to
Move' on the Scenic Rim Wildlife pages
- hunting
(not as great a problem here as in some countries, but there is some
illegal hunting and also a black market trade) - see articles
on wildlife
trade, shooting
in
national
parks
- roadkill -
not a major threat to most species, but could cause local
extinction, and is a constant welfare problem
- disruptive
human activities - for instance unsustainable tourism and recreational
activities,
as well as industrial practices in important areas of habitat,
including anything noisy near nesting, feeding or resting sites
- climate
change - e.g. for a world view
see the WWF climate change site
or this Australian
government site, and warnings on
effects on Australian wildlife by CANA's
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brush-tailed
rock-wallaby (vulnerable, used to be common and far more widespread,
now confined to rocky uplands due to habitat clearing and introduced
predators)
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Climate Change
Some
notes
on
climate change
This was
my
concluding remark in a presentation by Ronda Green at the Green Travel, Climate
Change and Ecotourism in 2008, and following are references she
used in preparing the talk:
"When we
were
children, we thought the North Pole would always be covered in ice and
the world would always have wild polar bears. It is uncomfortable to
realize this is not necessarily so. It is frightening to think of the
other, very great changes that may be happening within our lifetimes.
But that is what we must do – think about them, and the many
complexities involved, if we are to find any solutions within the very
little time we have available."
References
cited
for
presentation:
- Beaumont, L.J., I.A.W. McAllan, and I. Hughes. 2006. A
matter of
timing: changes in the first date of arrival and last date of departure
of Australian migratory birds. Global Change Biology 12: 1339-135
- Burton, C. T. and Weather, W. W.2003. Energetics and
thermoregulation of the Gouldian Finch (Erythrura gouldiae). Emu 103(1) 1 -
10
- Green K. and Pickering C. M. (2002) A scenario for mammal
and
bird diversity in the Australian Snowy Mountains in relation to climate
change. pp241-249 in: C. Koerner and E.M. Spehn (eds) Mountain
Biodiversity: a Global Assessment. Parthenon Publishing, London
- Green, R.J. 1993 Avian seed dispersal in and near
subtropical
rainforests. Wildlife Research 20: 535-557
- Hoegh-Guldberg, O. 1999. Climate change, coral bleaching
and the
future of the world's coral reefs. Marine and Freshwater Research 50:
839 – 86
- Hoegh-Guldberg, O. 2005. Low coral cover in a high-CO2
world.
Journal of Geophysical Research, Volume 110
- Hughes L (2000) Biological consequences of global warming:
is the
signal already apparent? Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 15, 56–61
- Sands, D. 2008. Conserving the Richmond Birdwing Butterfly
over
two decades: Where to next? Ecological Management & Restoration 9:
4 – 16
- Welbergen, J. A., Klose, S. M., Markus, N. and Eby, P.
2007.
Climate change and the effects of temperature extremes on Australian
flying-foxes. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series
B:10.1098/rspb.2007.1385
- Williams S. E. , Bolitho E. E., and Fox S. 2003. Climate
change
in Australian tropical rainforests: an impending environmental
catastrophe. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series
B-Biological Sciences 270 (1527): 1887-1892
- WWF Threatened species network. Australian threatened
species:
green turtle Chelonia mydas.www.wwf.org.au/ts
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